I. overview2. are described, 3. weren’t notified, 4. choose, 5. isn’t assigned6. were mailed, 7. received, 8.was taught, 9.took, 10.enjoy11.weren’t added, 12. is still offered, 13. are requiredII.2. was prepared, 3. will be distributed, 4. was hired, 5. is given, 6. are typed,7. are given back, 8. are corrected, 9. are returned, 10. is designed,11. is made, 12. was provenIII.1. b. No it wasn’t,2.a. Where was the Battle of Waterloo fought?2.b. It was fought.3.a. When was the first satellite launched?3.b. Sputnik 1 was sent.4. a. Where are giant pandas found?4. a. they are protected by the government.5. a. Is Urdu spoken in Finland?5. b. No, it isn’t?IV.1.by speakersを不要。（are spokenで明らかであるため）2. by minersは不要。（is minedで明らかであるため）*受動態に含めるby+agent（動詞の主）は、動詞や文脈から明らかである場合は不要。